Finding primary sources is a multi-step process. There is no "one-stop-shop" database that will give you everything you need for your paper. Follow these tips:
When searching for primary source collections online, include the following additional phrases with your first key words:
Be aware that digital collections only show a small portion of what an institution holds!
Primary Sources can be tricky to identify! Watch this video to gain a better understanding of what a primary source is and consult this list to learn more about the many types of primary sources that are available to you! The most important thing to remember is when considering a primary source for your research - ask what time period the item was created in. If it matches the time period of your research - it could be considered a primary source!
Consider the following questions as you observe and study your primary source. Depending on what medium your primary source is in (i.e. photograph, drawing, letter, newspaper article), the following tips might need to be changed to accommodate the type of primary source. It's important to remember that whatever source you are viewing, you must engage and think critically about it.
Author Authority & Date
Purpose
Content
Context
Limitations
Connection
Amateur publications written, edited, and published primarily by young people aged 12-20, during the second half of the 19th century. (Coverage: 1801-1900)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Documents the life of Americas people from the Colonial Era through the Civil War and Reconstruction and into the early 20th c. (Coverage: 1693-1877)
Traces the progress of American History. Covers the major themes of the period from colonization and settlement through the revolution, expansion, politics, slavery, the Civil War and reconstruction, to World War II. (Coverage: 1493-1945)
Comprehensive collections for research in American history. Includes books, pamphlets, newspapers, and government documents printed in America over 3 centuries. (Coverage: 1639-1994)
The components of Archive of Americana that are available to UD are listed below. The collection can also be searched on Readex AllSearch, an integrated platform that combines all of UD's Readex’s primary sources into a single cross-searchable interface.
ms 10/2023
Historical primary source publications relating to the history and study of sex, sexuality, gender research and gender studies research. (Coverage: 16th - 21st centuries)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Multidisciplinary resource providing topically focused digital collections from archives and institutional repositories around the world.
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Focuses on the long nineteenth century, a period of rapid evolution for crime and its associated legal/penal systems. Derived from French, German, Spanish, Australian, British and U.S. sources. (Coverage: 1790-1920)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Includes nearly every book, pamphlet, and broadside published in North America during the 17th and 18th centuries. The definitive resource for information about every aspect of life in 17th and 18th century America, from agriculture and auctions through foreign affairs, diplomacy, literature, music, religion, the Revolutionary War, temperance, witchcraft, and many other topics. (Coverage: 1639-1800)
Includes all American imprints from the 17th and 18th centuries identified in the American Bibliography by Charles Evans and in the Supplement to Evans’ American Bibliography by Roger Bristol.
Can be searched on Readex AllSearch, an integrated platform that combines Readex’s primary sources into a single cross-searchable interface.
Showcases unique primary source material for the study of American social, cultural, and popular history in the 19th and early 20th centuries. (Coverage: c.1800-1920)
Thousands of fully searchable images of rare books, pamphlets, periodicals and broadsides addressing political, social and gender issues, religion, race, education, employment, marriage, sexuality, home and family life, health, and pastimes.
First published in 1830, Godey's quickly became the first successful American journal for women. This digitized and searchable database of the magazine allows full-text retrieval and includes hand-colored fashion plates and illustrations. (Coverage: 1830-1898)
Image-based government document and legal research database. Extensive coverage of U.S. statutory materials, congressional documents and treaties. Also includes all of the world’s constitutions, collections of classic treatises, and presidential documents. Coverage of U.S. goverrnment publications is comprehensive back to inception, and all titles are exact replicas of the official print publication from the U.S. Government Publishing Office. A large assortment of international resources are also available.
Contains thousdand of law-related journals on a variety of subjects, all dating back to inception with over 90% available through the current issue or volume. Subject related collections are often curated and made available.
Historical resources from 18th and 19th century America. Includes eyewitness accounts of historical events, descriptions of daily life, editorial observations, commerce as seen through advertisements, and genealogical records. (Coverage: approximately 1726-1902)
Includes the following:
Spanning 4 centuries and covering North and Central America, this database provides access to material from the Newberry Library’s extensive Edward E. Ayer Collection; one of the strongest archival collections on American Indian history in the world.
Researchers will discover insight into interactions between American Indian Peoples and Europeans from their earliest contact, continuing through the American Civil War, the ongoing repercussions of government legislation, up to the civil rights movement of the mid-twentieth century.
Explore the political, social and cultural history of Native peoples from the 16th - 20th centuries. Covers American Indian tribes and supporting organizations. Sourced from American and Canadian institutions, newspapers from various tribes and Indian-related organizations, manuscripts, drawings and sketches, photographs, maps, periodicals, monographs and more. Includes indigenous-language materials such as dictionaries, bibles, and primers. (Coverage: 1500-present)
A sampling of tribes and communities covered: Algonquin, Apache, Arapaho, Assinboine, Bannock, Blackfeet, Blood, Caddo, Chemawa, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Chickasaw, Chocktaw, Colville, Couer D’Alene, Cree, Creek, Crow, Gros Ventre, Havasupai, Hoopa Valley, Hopi, Ingalik, Inuit, Iowa, Iroquois, Kalispel, Kansa, Kickapoo, Kootenai, Koyukon, Lemhi, Métis, and more.
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
A cross-section of newspapers covering political party newspapers at the beginning of the 19th c. to the large dailies that shaped the nation at the centurys end. Mammoth newspapers stand alongside those published by African Americans, Native Americans, womens rights groups, labor groups, the Confederacy, and other select groups. (Coverage: 1800-1900)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
American and Canadian women’s diaries and correspondence, spanning more than 300 years. (Coverage: Colonial - 1950s)
Based on Joseph Sabins landmark bibliography, Bibliotheca Americana, this collection contains works about the Americas published throughout the world over 5 centuries. Sabin reaches into all aspects of American history and culture, and at times, South America and the Caribbean.(Coverage: 1500-1926)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Explores changing attitudes towards human sexuality, gender identities and sexual behaviors from the 19th to 21st centuries. Includes the work of leading sexologists, sex researchers, organizations and personal accounts.
Brings together documents and collections from libraries and archives across the Atlantic world, covering an extensive time period from 1490. Topics covered include the varieties of slavery, the legacy of slavery, the social justice perspective, and the continued existence of slavery today.
A thematically organized, four-part historical archive devoted to the scholarly study and understanding of slavery from a multinational perspective.
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Organized around the history of women in social movements in the U.S. between 1600 and 2000. Includes document projects and archives, the online version of Notable American Women (1971-2004), the database on Commissions on the Status of Women (1961-2005), book reviews, teaching tools, and more.
Compare grassroots media with official records to explore political, social and welfare issues of the 1980s, such as the rise of conservatism, nuclear threat, and the AIDS crisis.The rich cultural production of the decade is also presented through a variety of source materials showcasing subcultures, alternative lifestyles,and consumer culture.
Black resistance movements
Consumer culture
Disability rights
Environmentalism
Feminism
Grassroots activism and community groups
Health and social issues
Indigenous rights
New media and technology
Religious movements and spiritualism
Rise of conservativism
Sexuality an identity
Subcultures, including music and fandom
Threat of nuclear war
Popular culture
Amateur publications written, edited, and published primarily by young people aged 12-20, during the second half of the 19th century. (Coverage: 1801-1900)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Traces the progress of American History. Covers the major themes of the period from colonization and settlement through the revolution, expansion, politics, slavery, the Civil War and reconstruction, to World War II. (Coverage: 1493-1945)
Historical primary source publications relating to the history and study of sex, sexuality, gender research and gender studies research. (Coverage: 16th - 21st centuries)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Multidisciplinary resource providing topically focused digital collections from archives and institutional repositories around the world.
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Focuses on the long nineteenth century, a period of rapid evolution for crime and its associated legal/penal systems. Derived from French, German, Spanish, Australian, British and U.S. sources. (Coverage: 1790-1920)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Showcases unique primary source material for the study of American social, cultural, and popular history in the 19th and early 20th centuries. (Coverage: c.1800-1920)
Thousands of fully searchable images of rare books, pamphlets, periodicals and broadsides addressing political, social and gender issues, religion, race, education, employment, marriage, sexuality, home and family life, health, and pastimes.
Primary source material drawn from across the U. S., Canada, U.K. and Australia. Documents 3 centuries of expansive developments in gender roles and relations. From traditional constructions of femininity and masculinity, to the struggle for women’s rights and the emergence of the men’s movement, this resource documents three centuries of expansive developments in gender roles and relations. (Coverage: 19th to 21st centuries)
Full-text collection of international journals, magazines, newsletters, regional publications, special reports and conference proceedings devoted to womens and gender issues. (Coverage: mid-1970s --)
Contains a significant body of archival material dating back to the mid-1970s. Additional archival material continues to be added.
First published in 1830, Godey's quickly became the first successful American journal for women. This digitized and searchable database of the magazine allows full-text retrieval and includes hand-colored fashion plates and illustrations. (Coverage: 1830-1898)
Image-based government document and legal research database. Extensive coverage of U.S. statutory materials, congressional documents and treaties. Also includes all of the world’s constitutions, collections of classic treatises, and presidential documents. Coverage of U.S. goverrnment publications is comprehensive back to inception, and all titles are exact replicas of the official print publication from the U.S. Government Publishing Office. A large assortment of international resources are also available.
Contains thousdand of law-related journals on a variety of subjects, all dating back to inception with over 90% available through the current issue or volume. Subject related collections are often curated and made available.
Historical resources from 18th and 19th century America. Includes eyewitness accounts of historical events, descriptions of daily life, editorial observations, commerce as seen through advertisements, and genealogical records. (Coverage: approximately 1726-1902)
Includes the following:
Digital collection of alternative press newspapers, magazines and journals, drawn from the special collections of participating libraries. These periodicals were produced by feminists, dissident GIs, campus radicals, Native Americans, anti-war activists, Black Power advocates, Hispanics, LGBT activists, the extreme right-wing press, and alternative literary magazines. (Coverage: 20th century, primarily 1960s to the 1980s)
American and Canadian women’s diaries and correspondence, spanning more than 300 years. (Coverage: Colonial - 1950s)
Archival collections focused on political extremism and radical thought. A broad assortment of political movements from both far-right and radical left political groups are covered. (Coverage: 17662010s)
This collection can also be searched on Gale Primary Sources, an integrated platform that combines Gales digital archives into a single cross-searchable interface.
Explores the dynamic period of social, political, and cultural change between 1950 and 1975. This period included the onset of Rock and Roll, the introduction of computers and credit cards, the boom of radio and television, and campaigns for black power, civil rights and women’s liberation. All around the world there were challenges to authority. Features an extensive, interactive chronology, covering significant events. (Coverage: 1950-1975)
Full-text access to select major U.S. newspapers, regional U.S. newspapers, international newspaper and Black newspapers from the U.S. (Coverage: 19th and 20th centuries)
Every issue of each title includes the complete paper with full-page and article images in downloadable PDF format. Researchers can study the progression of issues over time through these historical newspaper pages, including articles, photos, advertisements, classified ads, obituaries, editorial cartoons, and more.
Titles Included:
Explores changing attitudes towards human sexuality, gender identities and sexual behaviors from the 19th to 21st centuries. Includes the work of leading sexologists, sex researchers, organizations and personal accounts.
Organized around the history of women in social movements in the U.S. between 1600 and 2000. Includes document projects and archives, the online version of Notable American Women (1971-2004), the database on Commissions on the Status of Women (1961-2005), book reviews, teaching tools, and more.
A multidisciplinary collection of tens of thousands of videos spanning a wide range of subject areas such as anthropology, business, counseling, film, health, history, and music. More
Digital collection of alternative press newspapers, magazines and journals, drawn from the special collections of participating libraries. These periodicals were produced by feminists, dissident GIs, campus radicals, Native Americans, anti-war activists, Black Power advocates, Hispanics, LGBT activists, the extreme right-wing press, and alternative literary magazines. (Coverage: 20th century, primarily 1960s to the 1980s)